Icons work best when used to communicate visually. Note that for accessibility reasons, this visual communication must always be redundant with another form, such as text or sound.
Users should be able to tell at a glance the nature of the information and the consequences of their response, so we must differentiate critical errors and warnings from their ordinary counterparts.
Critical errors and warnings have these characteristics:. To distinguish non-critical errors and warnings from critical ones, non-critical messages are usually displayed without an icon. Doing so draws attention to critical messages, makes critical and non-critical messages visually distinct, and is consistent with the Windows tone. The following is a good example of a critical warning because it meets the previously defined characteristics.
However, the next example isn't critical because it is likely to be intentional and its results are easily undone. In this example, this confirmation isn't critical because it's likely to be intentional and easily undone. In a typical UI, most errors relate to user input errors. Most user input errors aren't critical because they are easily corrected, and users must correct them before continuing.
Also, drawing too much attention to minor user mistakes is contrary to the Windows tone. Consequently, minor user input errors are usually displayed without an error icon. To reinforce their non-critical nature, we refer to these as user input problems. In this example, this minor user input problem isn't critical, so it doesn't need an icon when presented in a dialog box. We overwarn in Windows programs.
The typical Windows program has warning icons seemingly everywhere, warning about things that have little significance. In some programs, nearly every question is presented as a warning. Overwarning makes using a program feel like a hazardous activity, and it detracts from truly significant issues.
The mere potential for data loss alone is insufficient to call for a warning icon. Additionally, any undesirable results should be unexpected or unintended and not easily corrected.
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